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You are going to read a text that predicts the Earth's future 1,000 years or more from now. What do you think it might say about the following: sākt mācīties
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buildings, language, global disasters, monuments like the Pyramids of Giza, the Earth's temperature
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sākt mācīties
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buildings: most will be destroyed by 3,000
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most words commonly used today will become extinct by 3,000 due to the rapid evolution of language
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a global disaster may well have happened by 100,000; either a super-volcano or a large climate-altering asteroid
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monuments like the Pyramids of Giza sākt mācīties
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monuments like the Pyramids of Giza might still exist in 1,000,000
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sākt mācīties
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the Earth's temperature will be higher; by 4,000, the ice in Greenland will have melted because of extreme global warming
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The text says gamma radiation will trigger mass extintions. What is a trigger? What does the verb mean here? sākt mācīties
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A trigger is the part of a gun that you squeeze to make it fire. Here, "trigger" means "start a rapid or powerful process".
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The text says "Africa will have collided with Eurasia" and "all continents will be fused together". What is the difference between "collide" and "fuse together"? Which is the more violent action? sākt mācīties
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"Collide" means "crash into". "Fuse together" means "slowly become one mass". "Collide" is the more violent action.
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The text say an area of land will "erode", titanium will "corrode" and glass will "decompose". What is the difference between these verbs? sākt mācīties
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"Erode" describes the process of land being destroyed over many years. "Corrode" means "destroyed by a chemical action", e.g. metal. "Decompose" is used about organic matter, e.g. food.
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One synonym for "cease to exist" is "die out". Find two others synonyms in the text with the same meaning. They both use the verb become. sākt mācīties
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become extinct, become a thing of the past.
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Look at the expressions in bold in the text. a distant memory, the signs are, the days of living on islands will be over, become a thing of the past, may well, is likely to sākt mācīties
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predictions with a link to the past? a distant memory, the signs are, the days of living on islands will be over, become a thing of the past, may well, is likely to sākt mācīties
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a distant memory, become a thing of the past
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predictions that are highly possible? the signs are, the days of living on islands will be over, may well, is likely to sākt mācīties
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the evidence for a prediction? the signs are, the days of living on islands will be over sākt mācīties
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a situation that will stop because of changing conditions? the days of living on islands will be over sākt mācīties
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the days of living on islands will be over
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Look at the expressions below. The facts suggest/The figures point to; is bound to/is destined to sākt mācīties
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They are similar to two of the expressions in Exercise 3A. Which two?
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The facts suggest/The figures point to sākt mācīties
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is bound to/is destined to sākt mācīties
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Read some predictions about global developments. sākt mācīties
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Complete the paragraphs with suitable prepositions.
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India is (?) track to surpass China as the most populated country by 2035. sākt mācīties
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India is on track to surpass China as the most populated country by 2035.
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In India, 48,000 babies are born every day (?) average. sākt mācīties
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In India, 48,000 babies are born every day on average.
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In future, India's resources such as schools and hospitals will be permanently (?) trial as they try to keep up with rising demands. sākt mācīties
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In future, India's resources such as schools and hospitals will be permanently on trial as they try to keep up with rising demands.
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Millions of children are (?) risk of contracting diseases from dirty water. sākt mācīties
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Millions of children are at risk of contracting diseases from dirty water.
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Only sixty percent of the world's population has easy access to drinking water (?) present. sākt mācīties
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Only sixty percent of the world's population has easy access to drinking water at present.
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In the future, it is hoped that (?) least ninety-five percent of people will have running water in their homes, but there are no guaranties of this. sākt mācīties
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In the future, it is hoped that at least ninety-five percent of people will have running water in their homes, but there are no guaranties of this.
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As humanity's need for resources and industries has grown, it has become clear that man is (?) far the most destructive animal on Earth. sākt mācīties
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As humanity's need for resources and industries has grown, it has become clear that man is by far the most destructive animal on Earth.
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We are, (?) nature, extraordinarily prolific polluters of the planet. sākt mācīties
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We are, by nature, extraordinarily prolific polluters of the planet.
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In future, everyone will have to monitor their pollution (?) law. sākt mācīties
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In future, everyone will have to monitor their pollution by law.
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While the number of humans has risen, the number of wild animals such as lions has been (?) decline for decades. sākt mācīties
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While the number of humans has risen, the number of wild animals such as lions has been in decline for decades.
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We are now preserving the genetic codes of animals that are (?) danger of extinction. sākt mācīties
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We are now preserving the genetic codes of animals that are in danger of extinction.
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In future, we hope to be able to, (?) effect, "recreate" these animals. sākt mācīties
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In future, we hope to be able to, in effect, "recreate" these animals.
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In the early twenty-first century, corruption in business has started getting (?) control. sākt mācīties
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In the early twenty-first century, corruption in business has started getting out of control.
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Corporations have tried to keep a number of scandals (?) sight. sākt mācīties
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Corporations have tried to keep a number of scandals out of sight.
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In future, (?) necessity, stricter anti-corruption laws will be passed. sākt mācīties
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In future, out of necessity, stricter anti-corruption laws will be passed.
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Replace the underlined words below with prepositional phrases from Exercise 10A. sākt mācīties
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Then use your own ideas to complete as many of the predictions as you can.
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In the future, people will be vulnerable to catching a new disease called... sākt mācīties
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In the future, people will be at risk of catching a new disease called...
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Birth rates are falling fast, so soon... sākt mācīties
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Birth rates are in decline, so soon...
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Inflation will get completely crazy, which will lead to... sākt mācīties
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Inflation will get out of control, which will lead to...
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By 2040 there will be a minimum of ten billion people alive, and this will cause... sākt mācīties
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By 2040 there will be at least ten billion people alive, and this will cause...
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In future, legally people will have to register their... sākt mācīties
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In future, by law people will have to register their...
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To protect animals that are close to becoming extinct, we will... close to becoming extinct sākt mācīties
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To protect animals that are in danger, we will...
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People will, generally, have only one... sākt mācīties
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People will, on average, have only one...
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Right now, robots aren't very intelligent, but by 2040,... sākt mācīties
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At present, robots aren't very intelligent, but by 2040,...
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Match the prepositional phrases in bold sākt mācīties
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with phrases a), b) or c).
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The ship was hit by the typhon and blown off course. Now it's lost. sākt mācīties
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away from a scheduled path
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I started the race OK, but soon realised I was off the pace and have to give up. sākt mācīties
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You can't get power into a golf shot if you're off balance. sākt mācīties
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We are not investigating the president. He's above suspicion. sākt mācīties
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We never do anything illegal. Everything is above board. sākt mācīties
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The planes are fast and comfortable, but above all they're safe. sākt mācīties
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the most important thing is
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The manager said that, aged sixty-five, I was over the hill so he fired me. sākt mācīties
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past my best (too old now)
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When I won first prize I was over the moon. I celebrate a lot. sākt mācīties
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Her celebrations were excessive. They were over the top. sākt mācīties
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I didn't go to work because I was feeling under the weather. sākt mācīties
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Oh, do I have to cook dinner? I was under the impression you'd do it! sākt mācīties
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thinking (probably wrongly)
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When you testify in court, remember you are under oath and cannot lie. sākt mācīties
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obliged by the law to tell the truth in court
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sākt mācīties
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by adding one word in each gap.
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The idea of resurrecting extinct species used to be science fiction, but this development (?) well come true. sākt mācīties
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The idea of resurrecting extinct species used to be science fiction, but this development could/might/may well come true.
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The science already exist. The recent explosion (?) genoma research tells us that the recipe for making a creature lies in its DNA. sākt mācīties
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The science already exist. The recent explosion in genoma research tells us that the recipe for making a creature lies in its DNA.
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Creating animals from a genoma sequence is impossible now, but the (?) are it will happen soon. sākt mācīties
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Creating animals from a genoma sequence is impossible now, but the signs/chances are it will happen soon.
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When an animal dies in a dry cave or in ice, sākt mācīties
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we can find intact genome sequences.
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We then need a surrogate species to give birth to the animal. sākt mācīties
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If we wanted to bring back a mammouth, the surrogate would be an elephant.
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As a result of this development, fears about the extinction of some species could become a (?) memory. sākt mācīties
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As a result of this development, fears about the extinction of some species could become a distant memory.
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As the science gathers pace, conservationists are getting ready; sākt mācīties
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they have begun freezing tissue samples of these animals.
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The days of campaigns to save the whale and so many other species could (?) over, sākt mācīties
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The days of campaigns to save the whale and so many other species could be over,
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as extinction becomes a (?) of the past! sākt mācīties
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as extinction becomes a thing of the past!
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