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Gerund after PREPOSITIONS sākt mācīties
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Gerund after CERTAIN VERBS: like, love, hate, enjoy, mind, finish, stop sākt mācīties
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Gerund as the SUBJECT of a sentence sākt mācīties
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TO+INFINITIVE After ADJECTIVES sākt mācīties
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This problem is difficult to solve.
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TO+INFINITIVE After CERTAIN VERBS: would like, want, need, decide, hope, expect, plan, forget, seem, try, promise, offer, refuse, learn, manage. sākt mācīties
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TO+INFINITIVE To express PURPOSE/REASON sākt mācīties
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I'm chasing this guy to earn my bread and butter.
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Stop! I'm tired of running. sākt mācīties
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This is a difficult situation to solve. I enjoy seeing you tired, but I would also like to escape.
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USUALLY: FOR CURRENT HABITS Melissa, a good English teacher, usually makes students repeat sentences correctly. This usually bothers Meritxell, her student, a little. sākt mācīties
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Melissa, a good English teacher, usually makes students repeat sentences correctly. This usually bothers Meritxell, her student, a little.
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USED TO: FOR PAST HABITS OR PAST SITUATIONS THAT HAVE CHANGED Meritxell used to take drugs, but now she doesn't even smoke. sākt mācīties
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subject + USED TO + infinitive Meritxell used to take drugs, but now she doesn't even smoke.
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BE USED TO: FOR A NEW SITUATION THAT YOU ARE ALREADY ACCUSTOMED TO Melissa is used to craving food all the time since she quit smoking. craving a very strong desire for something: a craving for chocolate sākt mācīties
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subject + BE USED TO + gerund or noun Melissa is used to craving food all the time since she quit smoking.
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GET USED TO: FOR SOMETHING THAT IS BECOMING FAMILIAR TO YOU OR TO WHICH YOU ARE ADAPTING. Melissa and Meritxell haven't gotten used to living without addictions. sākt mācīties
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subject + GET USED TO + gerund or noun
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Repeat after me: I used to take drugs. sākt mācīties
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sākt mācīties
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I wish you were here. I wish we were lying in bed together. You can use "were" for I/he/she/it.
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sākt mācīties
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to express regret or in reference to unreal situations.
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Wishes for the PRESENT and FUTURE sākt mācīties
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Use PAST SIMPLE or PAST CONTINUOUS
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sākt mācīties
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to express when you would like a situation to be different.
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He wishes they were lying on the bed. sākt mācīties
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to express when you would like to be doing something different. He wishes they were lying on the bed.
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I wish you would stop laughing at me. Now I wish you hadn't come over. sākt mācīties
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I wish you would stop laughing at me. Now I wish you hadn't come over.
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He wishes she handn't come over. sākt mācīties
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to express regret or when you would like a situation to be different.
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To COMPLAIN or express IMPATIENCE sākt mācīties
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Use WOULD+VERB or COULD+VERB
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sākt mācīties
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He wishes she would stop laughing.
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sākt mācīties
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He wishes he could make her disappear.
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You can use SUBJECT+WISH+PRONOUN in fixed expressions: sākt mācīties
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RATHER at The Museum of Modern Art sākt mācīties
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I would rather shoot myself than wait in line with all these snobs.
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Look and learn! You have to be an alternative artist. sākt mācīties
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Oh Daddy! I would rather just be a waitress.
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sākt mācīties
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He is a sex maniac rather than an art enthusiastic sākt mācīties
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means "instead of" or "and not". Normally used to compare parallel structures.
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sākt mācīties
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means "would prefer to...
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WOULD RATHER ... THAN is used to show preference between options. Elvis would rather be the center of attention than be just like everybody else. sākt mācīties
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SUBJECT+WOULD RATHER+INFINITIVE without to+OPTION 1+THAN+OPTION 2 Elvis would rather be the center of attention than be just like everybody else.
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sākt mācīties
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WOULD RATHER is used to show preference for one option over another. -Hey, Jeff! Let's get out of here! -I'd rather stay here. sākt mācīties
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SUBJECT+WOULD RATHER+INFINITIVE without to+OPTION -Hey, Jeff! Let's get out of here! -I'd rather stay here.
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She is distracted, or rather, she is pretending to be distracted. sākt mācīties
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Used to change what it is just said. She is distracted, or rather, she is pretending to be distracted.
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Marilyn had a rather tender look. sākt mācīties
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is also an adverb of degree. It means "quite". Marilyn had a rather tender look.
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sākt mācīties
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Connectors, also called linking words or linkers, indicate the relationship between ideas.
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The last clue drove Harry to the wood house on top of the montain. Maybe this would be the telltale clue. The weather was very bad and, (?), the car lights sākt mācīties
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The last clue drove Harry to the wood house on top of the montain. Maybe this would be the telltale clue. The weather was very bad and, in addition, the car lights
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the car lights didn't work (?) they had been shout out a couple of hours earlier. sākt mācīties
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the car lights didn't work because they had been shout out a couple of hours earlier.
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(?) all this, Harry managed to get to the place and get out of the car unnoticed. sākt mācīties
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Despite all this, Harry managed to get to the place and get out of the car unnoticed.
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The lights of the house were on (?) Harry carefully crawled through the bushes until he reached the window. sākt mācīties
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The lights of the house were on so Harry carefully crawled through the bushes until he reached the window.
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There he saw Elisabeth crying. (?), a shiver came over his body. sākt mācīties
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There he saw Elisabeth crying. Suddenly, a shiver came over his body.
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sākt mācīties
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Elisabeth was actually laughing (?) looking directly into Harry's eyes sākt mācīties
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Elisabeth was actually laughing and looking directly into Harry's eyes
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sākt mācīties
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sākt mācīties
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sākt mācīties
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for example (e.g.), for instance, such as
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sākt mācīties
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with regard to, regarding, concerning, by the way
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sākt mācīties
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and, also, too, as well as, in addition, apart from, besides, furthermore, moreover, then again
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sākt mācīties
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in short, in brief, in summary, to conclude, in conclusion
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sākt mācīties
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because, because of, for, since, as, due to, owing to
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sākt mācīties
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so, consequently, as a result, therefore, thus, hence
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sākt mācīties
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but, however, although, even though, though, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, while, whereas, unlike, on the other hand, anyway
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sākt mācīties
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firstly, secondly, thirdly, to begin with, next, lastly, finaly
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sākt mācīties
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at the beginning, then, at last, once, afterwards, suddenly, finally, in the end
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sākt mācīties
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obviously, particularly, in theory, in fact, especially
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sākt mācīties
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surely, indeed, undoubtedly, certainly, even so
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sākt mācīties
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A relative clause is a dependent clause that mofifies a word, phrase or idea in the main clause.
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A relative clause begins with a sākt mācīties
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RELATIVE PRONOUN WHO, WHOM, WHOSE, THAT or WHITCH The type of clause determines which relative pronoun to use. (in certain situations, WHAT, WHEN and WHERE can function as relative pronouns)
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There are two types of relative clauses: sākt mācīties
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NON-DEFINING CLAUSES and DEFINING CLAUSES
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sākt mācīties
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The information contained in defining clauses is ESSENTIAL. When deleted, it's nor clear who or what is being talked about. This type of clause is NOT separated by a COMMA.
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In this type of clause the relative pronouns used are: The woman who is pushing a stroller is her heroine sākt mācīties
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For people: WHO, THAT (and WHOM followed by a preposition). For things: WHICH, THAT stroller: a chair on wheels in which a small child can be pushed along SYN buggy British English
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sākt mācīties
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In non-defining clauses the information is NOT ESSENTIAL. When deleted, it's still clear who or what is being talked about. This type of clause is separated by a COMMA from the main clause.
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In this type of clause the relative pronouns used are: Exercise, which is supposed to be good for your health, is killing her. sākt mācīties
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For people: WHO (and WHOM, WHOSE) For things: WHICH (and WHOSE)
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sākt mācīties
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There are two voices in English: the active and the passive
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The dog bit Julianne's leg. sākt mācīties
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describes what the subject does. The dog bit Julianne's leg.
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Julianne's leg was bitten by some dog. sākt mācīties
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describes what is done to the subject. It's usually used when we don't know or are not interested in who performs the action. Julianne's leg was bitten by some dog.
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The passive voice is formed with: sākt mācīties
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It can also be formed by: sākt mācīties
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All the verb tenses can be expressed in passive voice. sākt mācīties
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The concert will be performed next week. The concert has been performed already.
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sākt mācīties
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to show the person or thing doing the action. The painting was made by a monkey.
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I would like him to be eaten too. sākt mācīties
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The pigeons are eating a worm. Worms are eaten every day all over the world.
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sākt mācīties
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I need a friend ASAP. She said she needed a friend ASAP. ASAP the abbreviation of as soon as possible
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There are two ways to repeat what another person said: sākt mācīties
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DIRECT SPEECH and REPORTED SPEECH
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sākt mācīties
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uses exact words in quotation marks. She said "I need a friend".
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sākt mācīties
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She said she needed a friend.
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sākt mācīties
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the past form of direct speech.
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sākt mācīties
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She said she needed a friend.
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sākt mācīties
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She said she was feeling alone.
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I've spent all Sundays watching TV. sākt mācīties
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She said she had spent all Sunday watching TV.
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sākt mācīties
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She said she would go to bed early.
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When direct speech uses a past form, sākt mācīties
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reported speech doesn't change.
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sākt mācīties
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I was looking for a better life. sākt mācīties
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She said she was looking for a better life.
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