roadmap C1-C2 3&4

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impartial
sākt mācīties
,not involved in a particular situation, and therefore able to give a fair opinion or piece of advice
realistic
sākt mācīties
,judging and dealing with situations in a practical way according to what is actually possible rather than what you would like to happen
disclose
sākt mācīties
,to make something publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret
unsubstantiated
sākt mācīties
,not proved to be true
insubstantial
sākt mācīties
,not solid, large, strong or definite
footage
sākt mācīties
,film or video showing a particular event
murder
sākt mācīties
,the crime of deliberately killing someone
assassination
sākt mācīties
,the act of murdering an important person
character assassination
sākt mācīties
,an unfair attack on someone’s character
bend the truth
sākt mācīties
,to say something that is not completely true
credible
sākt mācīties
,deserving or able to be believed or trusted
creditable
sākt mācīties
,deserving praise or approval
publicity stunt
sākt mācīties
,something that is only done to get publicity
interpretation
sākt mācīties
,the way in which someone explains or understands an event, information, someone’s actions etc.
interplay
sākt mācīties
,the way in which two people or things affect each other
brief
sākt mācīties
,to give (someone) all the information about a situation that they will need
disclose
sākt mācīties
,to make (something) publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret
substantiate
sākt mācīties
,to prove the truth of (something that someone has said, claimed etc.)
misrepresent
sākt mācīties
,to deliberately give a wrong description of (someone’s opinions or of a situation)
smear
sākt mācīties
,to tell an untrue story about (someone important) in order to make people lose respect for them – used especially in newspapers
pitch
sākt mācīties
,to present an idea or concept to someone in a way that they will accept it
probe
sākt mācīties
,to ask questions in order to find things out, especially things that other people do not want you to know
unearth
sākt mācīties
,to find (information or the truth about something or someone)
expose
sākt mācīties
,to show the truth about (someone or something), especially when it is bad
proofread
sākt mācīties
,to read through (something that is written or printed) in order to correct any mistakes in it
sensationalise
sākt mācīties
,to deliberately make (something) seem as strange, exciting or shocking as possible – used to show disapproval
plagiarise
sākt mācīties
,to take words or ideas from another person’s work and use them in your work, without stating that they are not your own
as clear as day
sākt mācīties
,very easy to see or understand
put your finger on something
sākt mācīties
,to know or be able to explain exactly what is wrong, different or unusual about a situation
crystal clear
sākt mācīties
,very easy to see or understand
in plain English
sākt mācīties
,in clear and simple words, without using technical language
as clear as mud
sākt mācīties
,used humorously to say that something is very difficult to understand
a hidden agenda
sākt mācīties
,the secret purpose behind a plan or activity that you do not tell other people about – used to show disapproval
panic attack
sākt mācīties
,a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness that makes you unable to think clearly or behave sensibly
traumatic
sākt mācīties
,a traumatic experience is so shocking and upsetting that it affects you for a long time
bring someone out in a cold sweat
sākt mācīties
,to make someone very nervous or frightened
a daunting prospect
sākt mācīties
,a particular event which will probably or definitely happen in the, future, that is frightening in a way that makes you feel less confident
churn
sākt mācīties
if your stomach churns, you feel sick because you are nervous or frightened
debilitating
sākt mācīties
making you ill or weak
get a buzz out of something
sākt mācīties
to get a strong feeling of excitement, pleasure or success from doing something
rush
sākt mācīties
a sudden strong, usually pleasant feeling that you get from taking a drug or from doing something exciting
exhilaration
sākt mācīties
a feeling of being happy, excited and full of energy
thrill
sākt mācīties
a sudden strong feeling of excitement and pleasure, or the thing that makes you feel this
self-conscious
sākt mācīties
worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you
self-contained
sākt mācīties
a self-contained flat has its own kitchen and bathroom
self-control
sākt mācīties
the ability to behave calmly and sensibly even when you feel very excited, angry etc.
self-effacing
sākt mācīties
the feeling of being satisfied with your own abilities, and that you deserve to be liked or respected
self-esteem
sākt mācīties
the feeling of being satisfied with your own abilities, and that you deserve to be liked or respected
self-explanatory
sākt mācīties
clear and easy to understand without needing any more explanation
self-indulgent
sākt mācīties
allowing yourself to have or do things that you enjoy but do not need, especially if you do this too often
self-inflicted
sākt mācīties
self-inflicted pain, problems, illnesses etc. are those you have caused yourself
self-made
sākt mācīties
a self-made man or woman has become successful and rich by their own efforts, not by having money given to them
self-pity
sākt mācīties
the feeling of being sad and depressed because you think that something unfair or unpleasant has happened to you – used to show disapproval
self-reinforcing
sākt mācīties
strengthening your own existing feelings, behaviour or opinions
self-reliant
sākt mācīties
able to do or decide things by yourself, without depending on the help or advice of other people
self-righteous
sākt mācīties
proudly sure that your beliefs, attitudes and morals are good and right, in a way that annoys other people – used to show disapproval
self-sacrificing
sākt mācīties
deciding not to do or have something you want or need, in order to help someone else
a strong sense of duty
sākt mācīties
a feeling that you have to do something because it is morally or legally right
prior work experience
sākt mācīties
the previous experience you have had of working in a particular type of job
exorbitant rent
sākt mācīties
an exorbitant rent (= money paid to live in a house or room that belongs to someone else, or to use something that belongs to someone else) is much higher than it should be
mutual support
sākt mācīties
mutual support is support that two or more people give each other
an untapped resource
sākt mācīties
something useful that is available but has not yet been used
on a regular basis
sākt mācīties
at the same time each day, week, month etc., or often
household chores
sākt mācīties
small jobs that you have to do regularly in a home, especially work that you do to keep a house clean
have a profound impact on something
sākt mācīties
to have a very important or strong effect or influence on something
muted
sākt mācīties
a muted reaction to something is not expressed strongly
vibrant
sākt mācīties
full of activity or energy in a way that is exciting and attractive
rich
sākt mācīties
full of interesting or important features, facts, events or ideas
fleeting
sākt mācīties
lasting for only a short time
fuzzy
sākt mācīties
if a sound or picture is fuzzy, it is unclear
vivid
sākt mācīties
vivid memories, dreams, descriptions etc. are so clear that they seem real
odour
sākt mācīties
a smell, especially an unpleasant one
aroma
sākt mācīties
a strong pleasant smell
crystal-clear
sākt mācīties
completely clear
blurry
sākt mācīties
difficult to see because the edges are not clear
crisp
sākt mācīties
food that is crisp is pleasantly hard or firm when you bite it; weather that is crisp is cold and dry
faint
sākt mācīties
difficult to see, hear, smell etc.
fluffy
sākt mācīties
(appearing to be) very light and soft to touch
hazy
sākt mācīties
air that is hazy is not clear because there is a lot of smoke, dust or mist in it
indistinct
sākt mācīties
an indistinct sound, image or memory cannot be seen, heard or remembered clearly
mellow
sākt mācīties
mellow wine or fruit has a smooth pleasant taste
metallic
sākt mācīties
a metallic noise sounds like pieces of metal hitting each other; a metallic colour shines like metal
muffled
sākt mācīties
muffled sounds cannot be heard clearly, for example because they come from behind a door or wall
musty
sākt mācīties
a musty room, house or object has an unpleasant smell, because it is old and has not had any fresh air for a long time
pungent
sākt mācīties
having a strong taste or smell
resonant
sākt mācīties
a resonant sound is deep, loud and clear, and continues for a long time
savoury
sākt mācīties
a savoury smell or taste is strong and pleasant but is not sweet
shrill
sākt mācīties
a shrill sound is very high and unpleasant
silky
sākt mācīties
soft, smooth, and shiny like silk; a silky voice is gentle, and is used especially when trying to persuade someone to do something
succulent
sākt mācīties
juicy and good to eat
textured
sākt mācīties
having a surface that is not smooth
blare
sākt mācīties
to make a very loud unpleasant noise
bloodcurdling
sākt mācīties
extremely frightening
blotchy
sākt mācīties
covered in coloured marks
bristly
sākt mācīties
bristly hair is short and stiff
crinkly
sākt mācīties
having a lot of small lines or folds
clank
sākt mācīties
if a metal object clanks, it makes a loud heavy sound
clatter
sākt mācīties
if heavy hard objects clatter, or if you clatter them, they make a loud unpleasant noise
ear-splitting
sākt mācīties
very loud
fleecy
sākt mācīties
soft and woolly, or looking soft and woolly
piquant
sākt mācīties
having a pleasantly spicy taste
starlit
sākt mācīties
made brighter by light from the stars
willowy
sākt mācīties
tall, graceful thin and
reach a compromise
sākt mācīties
to achieve an agreement after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at first
give and take
sākt mācīties
a willingness between two people or groups to understand each other, and to let each other have or do some of the things they want
make a concession on something
sākt mācīties
to allow someone to have something in order to end an argument or a disagreement
stick to your guns
sākt mācīties
to refuse to change your mind about something, even though other people are trying to persuade you that you are wrong
dig your heels in
sākt mācīties
to refuse to do something in spite of other people’s efforts to persuade you
split the difference
sākt mācīties
to agree on an amount that is exactly between two amounts that have been mentioned
a bargaining chip
sākt mācīties
something that one person or group in a business deal or political agreement has, that can be used to gain an advantage in the deal
find common ground
sākt mācīties
to identify facts, features or beliefs that are shared by people or things that are very different
break the deadlock
sākt mācīties
to finally resolve a disagreement which could not be settled

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