vocabulary midterm

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jautājums English atbilde English
tarnished
sākt mācīties
lost polishing, darker layer, discolored
to splutter
sākt mācīties
to cough (machine, engine) The engine gave one last splutter and died.
in tatters
sākt mācīties
torn to pieces
ingrained
sākt mācīties
deep, fixed, born with, become part of He has deeply ingrained respect for women.
creased
sākt mācīties
marks from folding/crumbling He wore trousers with sharp creases.
jaded
sākt mācīties
without energy/interest What happened? You look jaded today.
mangled
sākt mācīties
very badly injured/squeezed flat/empty The car was mangled beyond recognition.
marked
sākt mācīties
damage by sth solid
rustle
sākt mācīties
soft sound of leaves in breeze
plop
sākt mācīties
sth dropped into the liquid The stone fell into the water with a soft plop.
crackle
sākt mācīties
sound of breaking (sparks, in fire) He heard logs crackling in the fireplace.
squeal
squeak
sākt mācīties
sound of little pigs
mice
patter
sākt mācīties
repeated light tapping sound The rain pattered against the window.
crescent-shaped
sākt mācīties
kształt półksiężyca, rożka
conical /cone
sākt mācīties
stożkowy
a oblong
sākt mācīties
a rectangular shape with unequal next sides
convex
sākt mācīties
wypukły, shaped like a outside of a circle
rectangular
sākt mācīties
prostokątny
concave
sākt mācīties
wklęsły, hollow and curved, shaped like a interior of acircle
semi-circular/ half-moon shaped
sākt mācīties
półkolisty
cylindrical
sākt mācīties
log shaped
novelty
sākt mācīties
nowość
bonanza
sākt mācīties
żyła złota
marvel
sākt mācīties
cud/zdziwienie
perpendicular
sākt mācīties
pionowy/prostopadły
oblique
sākt mācīties
ukośna /
slanting down
sākt mācīties
in a sloping/oblique direction
a sloping line
sākt mācīties
inclined from horizontal or vertical line
a crooked line
sākt mācīties
bent, twisted out of shape
a jagged edge
sākt mācīties
with rough, sharp points protruding
a steep hill
sākt mācīties
strome wzgórze
rolling hills
sākt mācīties
pofalowane wzgórza
undulating countryside
sākt mācīties
falsity krajobraz
weighty
sākt mācīties
abstract & physical things/idea of serioussness - a weighty tome, issue
unwieldy
sākt mācīties
ab & ph / difficult to handle - unwieldy system/ unwieldy object (box), procedure, suitcase
cumbersome
sākt mācīties
machines/equipment/system/structures - a cumbersome weapon/process
burdensome
sākt mācīties
abstract things - a burdensome duty
ponderous
sākt mācīties
slow & clumsy because of the weight/dull and excessively serious abstract - a ponderous style, a ponderous thesis/tone/narrative
lumbering
sākt mācīties
physical things, „heavy movement” - a lumbering truck, a lumbering bear/vehicle
weighed down
She is weighed down with problems/I hate being weighed down with suitcases when I travel.
sākt mācīties
carrying heavy things/problems
to weigh up (alternatives)
We need to weigh up the alternatives before we make the decision.
sākt mācīties
to compare and consider
to weigh out
You need to weigh out a kilo of nuts.
sākt mācīties
weigh a quantity of loose goods
weighing on me - troubling my mind
sākt mācīties
The memory of what happened that night was weighing one me for years.
weighed in (arguments) - to add more points to the argument
sākt mācīties
We almost made a decision, but then she weighed in some new informations.
sift
sākt mācīties
shake it in a sieve to separate the grains You need to sift the flour into a bowl.
lumpy
sākt mācīties
have solid pieces in it I couldn’t sleep because the mattress was so lumpy.
impervious
He wasn’t even upset when she called him stupid, he’s impervious to insults.
sākt mācīties
liquid cannot pass through/an impervious material (glass)/a person who is impervious to criticism
zinc
sākt mācīties
cynk, bluish-white metal, medical (Zn)
tin
sākt mācīties
cheap, silvery-white metal (Sn), cans, tinfoil
uranium
sākt mācīties
medicine, bombs, nuclear reactions
carbon dioxide
sākt mācīties
co2
hydrogen
sākt mācīties
wodór, bombs, rocket fuel
phosphorus
sākt mācīties
(P) glows in the dark, exposions
mercury
sākt mācīties
rtęć, quick silver
nickel
sākt mācīties
coins
copper
sākt mācīties
miedź, first metal used by people
sodium cholride
sākt mācīties
Nacl, salt
nitrogen
sākt mācīties
fertilizers, azot
copper + tin
sākt mācīties
bronze
copper + zinc
mosiądz
sākt mācīties
brass
iron + carbon
sākt mācīties
steel
lime (wapno) + clay (glina) + sand + water
sākt mācīties
cement
-ll- + gravel (crushed rock)
sākt mācīties
concrete (beton)
polystyrene
sākt mācīties
PVC, tiles
cord(uroy)
sākt mācīties
sztruks, cotton with vertical ribs
suede (uppers)
sākt mācīties
zamsz, velvety side, (shoes)
flannel
sākt mācīties
cotton + wool
feather (down) beds
down. close to skin.
sākt mācīties
pierze
polyurethane-foam pillows
sākt mācīties
?
vinyl
sākt mācīties
artificial leather
marble
sākt mācīties
expensive rock, form of lime, white with stripes?
formica
sākt mācīties
brand made, artificial plastic laminate, glossy and smooth
velvet
sākt mācīties
woven fabric of silk, nylon? thick short PILE on one side
chipboard
hardboard
sākt mācīties
recycled wood, pressed together harder
teak / pine / oak
sākt mācīties
?
cast iron
sākt mācīties
żeliwo, casted, pure iron
upholstery
sākt mācīties
cover fixed to furniture /pokrycie
enamel
sākt mācīties
glossy substance/protective coat
polythene
sākt mācīties
flexible synthetic resin - plastic bags, containers
fibreglass
sākt mācīties
light, resistant, synthetic (yachts)
nylon
sākt mācīties
strong synthetic material (sheets)
tweed
sākt mācīties
jackets, rough woolen material
leathery steak
sākt mācīties
hard to chew
rubbery lips
sākt mācīties
thick, fleshy
glassy look
sākt mācīties
static, frozen, dead, away
stony silence
sākt mācīties
abslotute, still
a tinny soud
sākt mācīties
metaalic, bad quality
wiry
sākt mācīties
slim, muscular, lean
an oily rag/a greasy rag
sākt mācīties
tłusta szmata:3
meaty discussion
sākt mācīties
full of content, rich
milky complexion
sākt mācīties
very pale, smooth
a wooden actor
sākt mācīties
bad, stiff
a grease gun
sākt mācīties
grease dispenser
a wolly argument
sākt mācīties
vague, confused
extensive
sākt mācīties
large in amount and scale educational facilities/routes
spacious
sākt mācīties
outside/garden/city
roomy
sākt mācīties
inside/ car/house
rambling
sākt mācīties
building/mansion
scattered
sākt mācīties
randomly arcross a wide area
spread out
sākt mācīties
not close to each other
ample room
sākt mācīties
more than enough
cramped
sākt mācīties
small or restricted/ hotel rooms
poky
sākt mācīties
uncomfortably small / room/flat
congested
sākt mācīties
crowded with traffic/people congested streets
compact
sākt mācīties
P, tiny, compact refigerator
enough room to swing a cat
sākt mācīties
a lot of room;))
hemmed in by
sākt mācīties
surrounded by people, not able to move
bustling with
sākt mācīties
lots of people busily moving around/
packed in like sardines
sākt mācīties
too many people in small space
boundary
sākt mācīties
the edge of large space
rear (of property)
sākt mācīties
back
crammed into
sākt mācīties
packed
(it can be a bit of a) squash
sākt mācīties
a lot of sth in small space
all his born days
sākt mācīties
all his life
in a mo/sec/tick/less than no time/jiffy
sākt mācīties
very soon
for donkeys years/since the year dot
sākt mācīties
for a long time
till the cows go home
sākt mācīties
for ever
in the nick of time
she turned up just in the nick of time to catch a train.
sākt mācīties
only just in time
to be over the hill/past it
sākt mācīties
to be too old
has-been
sākt mācīties
person who is no longer famous
in a flash/at a rate of knots
sākt mācīties
very quickly
fleeting
sākt mācīties
brief/quick - glimpse, smile, moment, visit
lenghty
sākt mācīties
continuing for a long time - process, discussion, negotiations, delay
transient
sākt mācīties
lasting for a short time/in passing - effect, feeling, pleasure
persistent
sākt mācīties
lasting for a long time/hard to get rid of/stop - cough, problems, rumor, smell, gossip
inexorable
sākt mācīties
continuing without hope of being stopped - rise, decline, pressure, advance of time
incipient
sākt mācīties
just beginning - panic, rage, rebellion, wrinkles, dementia
protracted
sākt mācīties
lasting for long time/made to last longer - argument/negotiations/discussions
lingering
sākt mācīties
taking a long time to leave or disappear - perfume, kiss, smile
prolong
sākt mācīties
to make longer
pitch black
tar
sākt mācīties
intently black - night/ darkness (pitch
smoła)
jet black
sākt mācīties
intently black - hair/eyes
scarlet
sākt mācīties
very bright red
crimson
sākt mācīties
strong deep red
ginger
sākt mācīties
orangey red - hair/cats
lime
sākt mācīties
bright yellowish green
beige
sākt mācīties
light creamy brown
chestnut
sākt mācīties
deep reddish brown - hair/horses
auburn
sākt mācīties
red-brown, hair
emerald
sākt mācīties
bright geen
ruby
sākt mācīties
deep red
amber
sākt mācīties
yellowy orange
sapphire
sākt mācīties
deep blue
coral
sākt mācīties
orangey pink
jade
sākt mācīties
dark green
mauve
sākt mācīties
pale purple
harsh colors
sākt mācīties
unpleasantly strong
vivid colors
sākt mācīties
strong, bright (scarlet/turquoise)
elecric
sākt mācīties
blues/greens - extremely bright
monochrome
sākt mācīties
only in one color/shade of/
blue collars workers
sākt mācīties
physical/uskilled
to see red
sākt mācīties
to be very angry
red carpet treatment / red letter day
sākt mācīties
special importance
red views
sākt mācīties
communists, left-wing
to look/turn green
sākt mācīties
nausea
to turn green with envy
sākt mācīties
?
black future
sākt mācīties
without hope/depressing
to look as black as thunder
sākt mācīties
anger
black market/sheep of the family/mark
sākt mācīties
illegality/incorrectness
grey area
sākt mācīties
lack of clarity
grey matter/grey cells
sākt mācīties
brains
white as snow/whiter than white
sākt mācīties
purity
to be as white as a sheet
sākt mācīties
being pale
a white-knuckle ride
sākt mācīties
terrifying
white collars workers
sākt mācīties
office workers
archaeologist
sākt mācīties
person who studies the material evidence of past societies
empire
sākt mācīties
group of countries ruled by a single person
dynasty
sākt mācīties
different rulers who are all from the same family/period of time that a country is controlled by them
reigns
sākt mācīties
period that a king/queen/emperor rules
heirs
sākt mācīties
person legally entitled to continue the work of sone important who died/has the same position as they had
successors
sākt mācīties
person who takes over from another person
coronations
sākt mācīties
event when king/queen receives her crown
conquests
sākt mācīties
when sone/army defeats and takes over another country
peasants
sākt mācīties
person who works on age land and earns little, low social status
labourers
sākt mācīties
unskilled manual work
migrations
sākt mācīties
moving from one place to another in large numbers
interpreting whatever shreds of evidence
sākt mācīties
very small amounts
Bronze Age
sākt mācīties
period when metals copper and tin began to be used to make weapons/tools
medieval times
sākt mācīties
Middle Anges - 1000-1500AD
Renaissance
sākt mācīties
period of growth of interest and activity in the arts in Europe in 14-16c.
pre-colonial era
sākt mācīties
before Europeans arrived in large number and took power
infantry
sākt mācīties
soldiers on foot
cavalry
sākt mācīties
soldiers on horseback
(suit of) armour
sākt mācīties
metal protective clothing-soldiers
chariot
sākt mācīties
two wheeled vehicle pulled by a horse in ancient times for racing and war
galleon
sākt mācīties
large sailing ship/3-4 masts
warlord
sākt mācīties
military leader, controls a country/area within a country
merchant
sākt mācīties
sone who buys and sells things in large amounts/espec. by trading with other countries
monarch
sākt mācīties
neutral term for king/queen
the nobility
sākt mācīties
collective for highest social rank in society
last resort
sākt mācīties
something you do when everything else has failed
diplomacy
sākt mācīties
activities concerning the relationships between governments
sanctions
sākt mācīties
official orders, such as the stopping of trade taken against a country to make it obey law
weaponry
sākt mācīties
weapons in general/of different types
civilian casualties
sākt mācīties
people killed/injured, not a part of military or police
intervention
sākt mācīties
intentionally becoming involved in a difficult situation to improve it or stop it from getting worse
regime change
sākt mācīties
changing the leader/government of country, using force
overthrow
sākt mācīties
remove sone from power using force
unrest
sākt mācīties
disagreement or fighting between groups
clashes
sākt mācīties
fights / arguments
ethnic
sākt mācīties
national or racial
escalate
sākt mācīties
become greater and more serious
all-out
sākt mācīties
complete and total
suppression
sākt mācīties
violent and cruel ending of the right or freedom to do something
ethnic cleansing
sākt mācīties
attempt to remove from a country anyone who belongs to another racial group
massacres
sākt mācīties
killing of large number of people
conflict resolution
sākt mācīties
finding a way to end conficts
mistrust
sākt mācīties
absence of trust
to wage war on
sākt mācīties
fought a war against
hostilities
sākt mācīties
acts of war
besieged
sākt mācīties
attacked by surrounding it for a period of time
ambush
sākt mācīties
attack unexpectedly from secret positions
truce
sākt mācīties
agreement during war to stop fighting for a time
ceasefire
sākt mācīties
agreement between armies/groups to stop fighting
peacekeeping
sākt mācīties
neutral soldiers, trying to hold peace in a divided society
campaign
sākt mācīties
planned group od military activities
observes
sākt mācīties
outside, neutral poeople/body
rebellion
sākt mācīties
people fighting against the government

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